For example, the tube varies greatly in depth, but is typically 24m. The deepest point is below Hampstead Heath at Bull and Bush (where a station was part-built, but never completed), which reaches 67m.
Because Hampstead is on a steep hill, the station's platforms are the deepest on the London Underground network, at 58.5 metres (192 ft) below ground level; and it has the deepest lift shaft on the Underground, at 55 metres (180 ft).
For the first deep-level tube line, the City and South London Railway, two 10 feet 2 inches (3.10 m) diameter circular tunnels were dug between King William Street (close to today's Monument station) and Stockwell, under the roads to avoid the need for agreement with owners of property on the surface.
The average depth of London Underground tunnels is 24m, with the deepest being 67m. They vary in depth depending on the stability of the ground the run through, and if they have to run over or under other lines.
The depth of the tunnels varies between 20-60metres. The tunnels go under tube lines, canals and rivers. 192km of 400kV cable was installed in the tunnels, along with 30km of 132kV cable. There were 14 access shafts dug to support the tunnelling work, which was completed in 2015.
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How deep is Bank Station?
Another reason to get lost at Bank is the station's DLR concourse, which, with a whopping 41.4 meters underground, is the city's deepest station below street level. 3. And what about all the steps? 128 to be precise.
At London Bridge the charted depth is about 1.8 metres. Add about 7.1 metres to get the depth of water at MHWS and 5.9 metres at MHWN. At Westminster Bridge the charted depth is about 1.9 metres. Add about 6.8 metres to get the depth of water at MHWS and 5.6 metres at MHWN.
The average speed on the Underground is 20.5 miles per hour, including station stops. On the Metropolitan line, trains can reach over 60 miles per hour.
Hongyancun station on Line 9 of Chongqing Rail Transit, China, holds the title of the deepest metro station in the world with its deepest point at 116 meters below ground. Opened in 2022 in Yuzhong District, it surpassed Kyiv's Arsenalna station's previous record.
Central. With pollution levels eight times above the recommended WHO limit, the Central Line is the most polluted London Tube line. Accelerated signs of ageing, inflammation, acne and a wide range of skin conditions have all been linked to exposure to airborne pollutants.
The London Underground is operated entirely by TfL, but buses, trams and the London Overground are franchised, so while TfL oversees fares, routes and timetables, competitive contracts are awarded to operators to run services, which includes hiring staff and buying or leasing vehicles.
But why, of all of London's Tube lines, is the Central line so hot and hellish? Simply put, it's old, it's very deep underground and TfL hasn't invested much money into cooling it down. Yet. And, you won't be surprised to learn, cooling the Tube down is seriously complicated and expensive.
There are many tunnels in London's Underground system – but one of them is particularly fascinating: The Thames Tunnel. Opened in 1843, it was was the world's first tunnel under a river.
The Northern line is a London Underground line that runs between North London and South London. It is printed in black on the Tube map. It carries more passengers per year than any other Underground line – around 340 million in 2019 – making it the busiest tube line in London.
The Shanghai Metro is both the world's longest metro network at 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the busiest with the highest annual ridership reaching approximately 2.83 billion passenger trips.
The world's smallest city with a metro system is Lausanne, Switzerland! With a population of just around 140,000, Lausanne may seem like an unlikely place for a full-fledged metro line, but its unique geography tells a different story.
Transport fans will know that the deepest Tube station from ground level lies on the Northern line. Hampstead station has 320 stairs and runs down 58.5 metres, with a lift shaft 55.2 metres deep, according to TfL. The station is on the Edgware branch of the Northern line and lies between Golders Green and Belsize Park.
London Underground trains generally run between 5am and midnight, Monday to Saturday. Operating hours are slightly reduced on Sunday. Night Tube trains run on some lines throughout the night on Fridays and Saturdays.
In 1900 Charles Tyson Yerkes, an American railway magnate, arrived in London, and he was subsequently responsible for the construction of more tube railways and for the electrification of the cut-and-cover lines. The London Underground name first appeared in 1908.
As the Thames is tidal, its waters are 'brackish' – a mixture of fresh and saltwater. Drinking untreated Thames river water is unsafe, although historically it has been used for many domestic and industrial purposes including cooking, brewing and generating power.
There are approximately 1,500 rivers in the UK, comprising of 200,000 kilometres of watercourses. The longest of these is the River Severn at 224 miles (260 km) and the second-longest, and the deepest, is the River Thames.
If taking cuts – excavated channels – to be measurements of river, its 185-mile (298 km) course west of Tilbury has 27 tunnels, six public ferries, one cable car link, and one ford. From end to end, a channel of the Thames can be seen, mostly its main flow, which is passed over by 138 bridges.
