While no country is entirely cashless, Sweden is widely considered the closest, leading the world in digital payments with apps like Swish and widespread card acceptance, though some vendors still prefer cash, and Finland, Norway, China, and the UK are also highly digital. These nations are transitioning away from physical currency towards mobile payments, cards, and digital transactions, driven by convenience, speed, and innovation, but face challenges with financial inclusion and security.
According to the Swedish central bank, only 8% of the population used cash in 2022, and the amount of physical currency in circulation has dropped by half since 2007. With digital wallets, instant mobile transfers, and biometric identification, daily transactions in Sweden have become almost entirely virtual.
Sweden has officially become the first country in the world to go completely cashless. Almost every shop, café, and public transport system in Sweden now accepts only digital payments like cards or mobile apps. The popular app “Swish,” launched in 2012, is used by millions of Swedes to send and receive money instantly.
Sweden is not the only Nordic country backpedalling on plans for a cashless society. Last year Norway, which has a popular equivalent to Swish called Vipps MobilePay, brought in legislation that means retailers can be fined or sanctioned if they will not accept cash.
The UK is rapidly moving towards being a low-cash, but not fully cashless, society, with digital payments dominating, yet cash remains crucial for millions, especially vulnerable groups, leading to government efforts to protect access via legislation, banking hubs, and ATMs, even as some businesses go card-only and digital ID plans emerge. While cash use has plummeted (less than 10% of payments in 2024/25), the Bank of England and officials stress that a completely cashless system isn't feasible or desirable yet, focusing on maintaining choice and access for everyone, including the elderly and low-income individuals.
Overall, around 39 per cent of UK adults lived largely cashless lives throughout 2023. However, the number of people mainly using cash actually rose to 2.6 per cent (an increase from 1.7 per cent in 2022). For now, cash remains the second most frequently used payment method in the UK.
New research shows strong US resistance to cashless payments. New national research has highlighted strong and widespread public support for protecting Americans' ability to pay with cash, even as digital payment methods continue to grow in popularity.
The risk of other crimes such as identity theft, account takeovers, and fraudulent transactions will also increase when digital payments become the only option. Many banks are also relying on outdated infrastructure with decades-old IT systems increasing the risk of glitches, crashes, and mistakes.
Thus a barter economy is one where money does not exist or has ceased to be functional. It means consumers have to gain goods through exchange. Primitive economies developed through bartering goods.
To put it abruptly, yes, shops in the UK can legally refuse cash payment. While cash is considered a legal tender, businesses have no legal obligation to accept it and have the right to set their own payment policies.
According to studies conducted by the Federal Reserve, cash usage has been on a steady decline. In 2021, cash was used for approximately 20 percent of all transactions. Fast forward to 2024, and the downward trend persists, with reports indicating that cash payments now represent a mere 16 percent of all transactions.
Although China is highly advanced in digital payments, cash is still accepted almost everywhere. While businesses shouldn't refuse cash payments, it's a good idea to carry smaller banknotes to ensure everything goes smoothly. Also, if you're visiting rural areas, the use of digital payments may not be as widespread.
Not yet. However, a 2024 report from the International Monetary Fund suggests that we might not be too far away from seeing the first. It suggested that Sweden would be the first completely cashless economy as soon as the end of 2025. This is unlikely to happen now, though.
Hong Kong. Hong Kong is quickly heading towards a cashless society, with initial predictions even suggesting that 2025 could be the year that the country goes fully cash-free. ...
Sweden. Sweden is one of the countries at the forefront of the cashless movement. ...
Around 1 in 6 UK adults (roughly 8.4 million people) have no savings, while a significant portion, about one-quarter (23%), have £200 or less, leaving them financially vulnerable; this highlights a widespread lack of emergency funds, with many unable to cover even small unexpected costs. The Money and Pensions Service (MaPS), Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), Building Societies Association (BSA), and Finder research consistently shows millions lack financial buffers, with some reports indicating over 10 million people are saving less or not at all.
UK Finance research has shown that 39% of adults live an almost cashless life. As well as predicting that cash payments in the UK will continue to decline, and that by 2031, cash will account for 6% of all payments.
Crime, including theft and robbery, is also generally reduced in a cashless society. While cash is essentially untraceable, digital payments are easier to track and credit or debit cards can quickly be cancelled if stolen.
The top 3 strongest currencies by exchange rate are consistently the Kuwaiti Dinar (KWD), the Bahraini Dinar (BHD), and the Omani Rial (OMR), all originating from oil-rich Gulf nations, followed by the Jordanian Dinar and British Pound. These currencies derive their strength from high oil revenues, pegged exchange rates (often to the USD), stable economies, and strong financial systems.
Vietnam. Vietnam is an affordable place to visit, but particularly for American travelers with a particularly advantageous exchange rate – U.S. visitors will be able to grab a beer for less than a dollar.
