Primary, secondary and Baccalaureate education 7 and 8 is called "Notable (NT)" ("notable"). Sometimes a distinction is made between "notable bajo" 7 (low) and "notable alto" 8 (high). 6 is called "Bien (BI)" ("good"). 5 is called "Suficiente (SU)" ("sufficient").
"Aprobado" (PASS) from 5 to 6.9. "Notable" (GOOD) from 7 to 8.9. "Sobresaliente" (EXCELLENT) from 9 to 10. “Matrícula de Honor – MH (DISTINCTION)”: special distinction for students with a grade equal or higher than 9.
According to the National Statistics Institute, the median income for a Spanish household in 2021 was 16,814€ – which means a middle-class household earns between 12,610€ and 33,628€ per year. In other words, the upper class starts at less than 34,000€ per year.
Under Spanish law a person under 18 is considered as a child and always has all the protection derived from its status as a minor. A young person in Spain is between 15 and 24 years, persons aged 15 to 17 are children and young people, and 18 to 24 are young but already adults.
Secondary education in Spain comes right after primary school. It includes students between the ages of 12 and 16 years old. Secondary education has two cycles, each lasting two years, respectively, the 12-14 and 14-16 age range. Grading in secondary education is an integral part of the evaluation.
9 and 10 is the best possible grade and is called "Sobresaliente (SB)" ("outstanding"). A special mention called "Matrícula de Honor" can be granted to a limited number of students per group (typically to up to 5% of the students). 7 and 8 is called "Notable (NT)" ("notable").
The average pre-tax income of the top ten percent earners in Spain was over 120,000 euros at purchasing power parity (PPP) as of 2024, almost nine times more than the average income of the bottom half earners.
Primary education (Grades 1 to 6) and compulsory secondary education (Grades 7 to 10) comprise Spain's basic education—10 years of schooling (generally ages 6 to 16) that is compulsory and free of charge. Primary education (Grades 1 to 6) consists of three cycles of two academic years each.
Wealthy individuals tend to favour areas such as Marbella, Ibiza, Mallorca (especially Deià and Andratx), and Barcelona's Pedralbes and Sarrià-Sant Gervasi neighbourhoods. These locations offer luxury real estate, privacy, international schools, and lifestyle infrastructure tailored to affluent residents.
There are 6 Spanish levels determined by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). These levels are expressed as A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, and C2. The CEFR Spanish levels are widely accepted as the global standard for grading an individual's language proficiency.
70-100%: First Class Honours. 60-69%: Second Class Honours, Division 1 (2:1) 50-59%: Second Class Honours, Division 2 (2:2) 40-49%: Third Class Honours.
There are two commonly used systems – the 10-point GPA scale and the 4-point GPA scale. The 10-point scale is widely used and consists of four main categories: Sobresaliente (excellent), Notable (Good), Aprobado (Pass), and Suspenso (Fail).
It is the eleventh or twelfth year of core education. For some Year 11 students it is their final year studying and may include final exams. In the US and Canada, it is referred to as tenth grade.
As I discussed above, the legal drinking age in Spain is 18, but teenagers from 16 to 17 years old can enjoy certain alcoholic beverages with their parents at restaurants and home. But there are still certain restrictions! Wine, beer, and cider are allowed for moderate consumption.
The minimum age of marriage is 18. However, girls and boys aged 16 can be married off with judicial consent. The minimum age for marriage with judicial consent was raised from 14 to 16 years old in 2015 when Spain passed the Voluntary Jurisdiction Law (Ley de JurisdicciónVoluntaria).
Austria. The general age of consent in Austria is 14, as specified by § 206 of the penal code. (The term unmündig is specified in § 74 of the penal code.)
